The characteristics and rules of automobile connecting lines are explained. Automobile connecting lines are generally composed of single wires, electrical equipment is connected in parallel, and the negative pole is grounded. The lines are distinguished by different colors and numbers. They are divided into several main lines with the ignition switch as the center. So let’s do the following Let’s understand the characteristics and rules of car connecting cables!

1. Battery positive cable:

The car connection wire may lead directly from the battery to the fuse box, or it may lead directly from the battery positive wire to the starter terminal, where the thin positive wire is led to other circuits.

2. Ignition, instruments, light wires:

The circuit must be connected through the car key.

3. Special line:

Electrical equipment that needs to be accessed no matter how the engine is working, such as the cigarette lighter of the radio recorder, etc., has a separate first-level ignition switch to provide power.

4. Start control line:

The control switch (touch panel) that controls the main circuit operation of the car connection line is often connected and disconnected through the magnetic switch. There are three types of wiring methods. The attraction coil holding coil of the magnet switch of the small-power starter is controlled by the starting range of the ignition switch. The attraction and holding coil of the high-power starter is controlled by the starter relay (Dongfeng Jiefang and Mitsubishi heavy-duty vehicles, etc.); in cars equipped with automatic transmissions, in order to ensure neutral starting, the starting control line is often connected in series with the neutral switch .

5. Turnout:

Car connecting line nodes are distributed throughout the car and are connected to different metals. For example, iron, copper and aluminum, aluminum and iron form an electrode potential difference. Some nodes are easily contaminated by mud, water, oil and rust. Some nodes are thin metal sheets. If the indicator light does not light up, it may cause the instrument to not work, the horn to not sound, and other node failures. Therefore, some cars use double-layer turnouts.

Power system wiring rules

1. The generator must be connected in parallel with the battery, and the negative pole of the battery must be grounded.

2. There is a logo or name next to the terminal of the domestic silicon rectifier generator.

3. Alternator with built-in regulator

Start system wiring rules

1. The ignition switch directly controls the starter circuit:

The ignition switch directly controls the engine attraction and holding coil from the starting gear, and is mostly used in car circuits for engines below 1.2KW; the current of the magnetic switch coil of starters above 1.5KW is above 40A, and the starter relay contacts are used as switches.

2. Starter control circuit with start protection:

When the starter ignition switch is in 0 position, all circuits are disconnected.

When the ignition switch is set to 2 speed, in addition to the above circuit, the starter relay circuit is also turned on. Positive battery - ammeter - ignition switch - starter relay coil - relay normally closed contact 3354 is connected to - battery negative 3354 starter drive body. At the same time, the bridge connects the bypass contact of the ignition coil, the current flows through the primary side of the ignition coil, and the additional resistance is cut off. After the engine is ignited, the voltage to ground of the neutral point n of the generator (the generator regulating voltage is about 0.5) opens the normally closed contact of the starter protection relay, cuts off the charging light and passes the point, and the charging light goes out, indicating that the generator is normal. Work. In addition, the braking circuit of the starter relay coil is also cut off. When the generator is working normally, even if the ignition switch is turned to 2nd gear by mistake, the starter will not engage with the flywheel and the flywheel ring and starter will not be damaged. 4. Ignition system wiring rules

Automobile ignition systems can be divided into conventional "contact" ignition systems, non-contact ignition systems, microcomputer-controlled ignition systems, etc. The working process basically cycles in the following sequence: primary current on - primary current off (in this In this case, the piston of a certain cylinder is located at a certain angle before the compression top dead center) - the self-induced electromotive force in the primary coil (about 300V) - the secondary coils induce each other to generate pulse high voltage (6000~30000V).

Lighting system wiring rules

Automotive lighting systems generally consist of headlights, position lights, taillights, license plates, instrument lights, interior lights, etc. The headlights are divided into high beam and low beam, and are controlled by a dimmer switch.

The lighting is controlled by a light switch. The light switch is turned off in the 0th position, the 1st position is for small lights (including direction indicators, taillights, instrument lights, and license plate lights), and the 2nd position is for the headlights and small lights to light up at the same time. The current for the lighting system generally comes from the positive terminal of the battery and is not controlled by the ignition switch. (Due to the high power of the headlight, it is often controlled on and off through the light relay, and the second gear of the switch is used to control the relay coil). The super light signal is represented by the high beam flashing, which does not pass through the light switch when the signal is sent. A way to turn on a button for a short period of time.

Modern automobile lighting systems are often centrally controlled by a combination switch. The combination switch is mostly installed on the steering wheel column, located on the underside of the steering wheel. The driver can ignore the steering wheel when operating.

The above introduction is an explanation of the characteristics and rules of car connecting cables. If you need to know more, you can contact us at any time!